Later, other groups such as shuwaarabs, the tuaregs, and the fulanis, who are concentrated in the far north, entered northern nigeria in migratory waves across the sahara desert. Galadima and turaki christianity in nigeria 87 factors which have contributed in shaping and defining the nature of the nigerian church. Various parts of what later became nigeria are brought under british colonial rule as protectorates of southern nigeria and northern nigeria. Approaches to improving boys and girls education in nigeria education, especially of girls is widely regarded, as one of the key strategies to bring about fundamental change. It operates the presidential system of government with three distinct but complementary arms namely the executive, the legislature and the judiciary, each acting as a check on. They date back as far as the 5th century bc, when communities living around the southern slopes of the jos plateau make wonderfully expressive terracotta figures in a tradition known now as the nok culture, from the nigerian village where these. What is even more striking is that, in 1961, the four provinces with the. Adu boahen, conquest and reaction in northern nigeria, pp. Traditional native rulers, however, administered various territories under the supervision of the colonial authorities. Political leadership and corruption in nigeria since 1960. A history of identities, violence, and stability in nigeria. The jukun are traditionally located in taraba, benue, nasarawa, plateau, adamawa, and gombe states in. Setraco nigeria limited road and bridge construction history.
Historical buildings in nigeria by ayesha aminu on prezi. The politics of history in northern nigeria african studies centre. Predominantly found in southeastern nigeria, they number about 40 million worldwide, with about 30 million in nigeria. Setraco nigeria limited is founded by two young entrepreneurs said khalaf and inu umoru. Their impact in nigeria is paramount, as the hausafulani amalgamation has controlled nigerian politics for much of its independent history. A thread of rejectionist thinking runs through northern nigerian history, according to which collaboration with secular authorities is illegitimate. Islam reached nigeria through the borno empire between 1068 ad and hausa states around 85 ad during the 11th century, while. The first high commissioner of the protectorate was frederick lugard, who suppressed slavery.
All you need to know naira is the current official currency of nigeria, it is subdivided into 100 kobo nigerian currency history. Islam and colonialism intellectual responses of muslims of. Nigeria is a famous country with more than one hundred and forty million population. N orthern nigeria has been the locus of an upsurge in youth radicalization and virulent militant islamist groups in nigeria since 2009.
Pdf drama, history, and postcolonial resistance in northern. The sokotobased fulani empire becomes part of the british protectorate of northern nigeria. But however, what a jukun man does not want is disrespect and attempt to take what belongs to him. Zaria, formerly zazzau, or zegzeg, historic kingdom, traditional emirate, and local government council in kaduna state, northern nigeria, with its headquarters at zaria q. Hausa and fulani people nigeria people and culture. Some of these groups collaborate with and receive support from international actors, and there are positive examples of this type of work. It is considered the ancestral home of the yoruba people.
The area which constitute northeast zone of nigeria lies. The kingdom is traditionally said to date from the 11th century, when king gunguma founded it as one of the original hausa bakwai seven true hausa states. Southern nigeria can be divided into two broad societies, namely, western and eastern societies. The politics of history in northern nigeria niels kastfelt centre of african studies university of copenhagen paper presented to the research seminar of the african studies centre, leiden, 27 april 2006 the politics of history in contemporary africa in recent years there has been a growing interest in the political uses of history in africa. Education is the key to national development in nigeria. Precolonial documents preservation scheme major project eap535. The earliest culture in nigeria is identifiable by the distinctive artifacts of the nok people. They remain one of the largest and most historically grounded civilizations in west africa. Ileife is a medieval period site in nigeria, occupied between the 11th and 15th centuries ce. Geographical, historical and political profiles of nigeria 1. Colonial northern nigeria and the politics of muslimchristian. The basis of the colony was the 1885 treaty of berlin which broadly granted northern nigeria to britain, on the basis of their protectorates in southern nigeria. Nigeria s ranking on the global terrorism index rose from 16th out of 158 countries in 2008 to 6th tied with somalia by the end of 2011. The principal ethnic group in northern nigeria is the hausa.
The two of them assumed reigns of leadership due to the partnership that was foisted between the national congress of nigeria and cameroun and the northern peoples congress in 1959 during the general election that was held then to choose the president, prime. In the case of nigeria, the frequency of religious conflicts in the northern part between 1987 and 2011 has left adverse effects on the socioeconomic polity of the people. In fact, history indicates that conflict is an ongoing process in human relations and may occur within and among groups and communities at anytime. List of books and articles about nigerian history online. The discussion is based on a local case from the nigerian middle belt which will be. These skilled artisans and ironworkers flourished between the fourth century b. Ahistoryofnigeria assets cambridge university press. The emirs and the spread of western education in northern nigeria. Lagos state is the smallest state in nigeria, yet it has the highest population, which is over five percent of the national estimate. In the west, the yoruba and the edo, just like the hausafulani. Nigeria was granted independence on october 1, 1960. To properly appreciate the ingenuity of the traditional house.
How we measure reads a read is counted each time someone views a publication summary such as the title. The name of the school was later changed to st thomas anglican nursery and primary school. The earliest occupants of nigeria settled in the forest belt and in the niger delta region. Burns, history of nigeria, london 1929 mbaye gueye and a. Northern nigeria is diverse though dynamic and colorful in terms of its people, culture and sociomaterial setting. History of jukun people of northern nigeria a must read by chigold101m. Its seven most populous cities each house more than one million people, and about one out of two west africans is from nigeria. Nigeria is a country of great cultural diversity and political complexity. Nigeria has a tropical climate with variable rainy and dry seasons, depending on location.
Northern nigeria was a british protectorate which lasted from 1900 until 1914 and covered the northern part of what is now nigeria the protectorate spanned 660,000 square kilometres 255,000 sq mi and included the states of the sokoto caliphate and parts of the former bornu empire, conquered in 1902. They constitute about 18% of nigeria s population, with significant igbo populations in cameroon, equatorial guinea, gabon and the ivory coast. Nigeria, the north suffers from a potent mix of economic malaise and contentious, communitybased distribution of public resources. Nigeria is the most populous cou ntry in africa, the second biggest economy, the third largest military power and the biggest oil producer 10th oil producer in the world. It is hot and wet most of the year in the southeast but dry in the southwest and farther inland. Note that in 1964 there were an estimated 36,419 ilm school students as against 422,954 quranic school students.
History of jukun people of northern nigeria a must read by zantkjack. Africa under colonial domination 18801935, paris etc. Igbos predominate in five states in nigeria imo, anambra, ebonyi, enugu and abia. Umars narrowing the research to the intellectual responses of the northern nigeria muslims to british colonial rule is a. Attahiru, drama, nigeria, postcolonial resistance, sokoto. The far north, if taken to comprise the twelve states that reintroduced sharia islamic law.
The very first school built to teach western education in nigeria was established in 1843 by the methodist church and that was the nursery of infant church. Embassy of the federal republic of nigeria history. Today there are estimated to be more than 250 ethnic groups in nigeria. In fact the protectorate of northern nigeria had been proclaimed before the northern states were conquered. In nigeria today, many traditional buildings and monuments of historical importance built during the precolonial and early colonial era have virtually disappeared from our landscape. The ceremonial president of nigeria then was nnamdi azikiwe, while the prime minister was sir abubakar tafawa balewa. The precolonial history of northern nigeria encompasses the history of northern nigeria before the advent of european explorers and the subsequent pacification of northern nigeria by the british empire. The protectorate of northern nigeria was proclaimed at ida by fredrick lugard on january 1, 1897. D department of history, adeyemi federal university of education p.
A history of identities, violence, and stability in nigeria by eghosa e. It notes that since the amalgamation of the northern and southern protectorates of nigeria in 1914, the polity has been battling forces of disunity including leadership bankruptcy, ethnoreligious crises and the minority question. The history of nigeria can be traced to prehistoric settlers nigerians living in the area as early as 1100 bc. Nigeria gained her independence on october 1st 1960, as a federation of three regions northern, western, and eastern, under a constitution that provided for a parliamentary form of government. The british dependencies of northern and southern nigeria were merged into a single territory in 1914, and a legislative council, initially with limited african representation was created in 1922. Introduction nigeria is usually characterised as a deeply divided state in which major political issues are vigorously some would say violently contested along the lines of the complex. According to the 1991 national census, the state has a population of 5,725,116 out of a national estimate of 88,992,220. Elements of human civilisation have also been discovered around the niger river near kainji dam. History of print media in nigeria linkedin slideshare. Geographical, historical and political profiles of nigeria. The central bank of nigeria controls the volume of money supply in. It borders on the gulf of guinea an arm of the atlantic ocean in the south, on benin in the west, on niger in the northwest and north, on. Examining the boko haram insurgency in northern nigeria and the quest for a permanent resolution of the crisis joseph olukayode akinbi ph. Over the 19 th century, the influence of the british increased in the niger area, including nigeria, and they established the oil river protectorate in 1884 despite increase in the influence of the british during the era, the area was not occupied until 1885.
The ncnc, now headed by azikiwe who had taken control after macaulays death in 1946, formed a coalition with balewas npc after neither party won a majority in the 1959 elections. The discussion is based on a local case from the nigerian middle belt. In prehistorical times, the area known as northern nigeria was home to the kwatarkwashinok culture. A new constitution established a federal system with an elected prime minister and a ceremonial head of state. The hausa have become integrated with the smaller fulani group. In 1906 the protectorate of southern nigeria was amalgamated with the colony of lagos. However, achieving quality education for all nigerian need a safe, secured, violent free teaching and learning environment for school leaders, teachers, students and families in northern region of nigeria. The making of northern nigeria smithsonian libraries. Residents made naturalistic benin bronzes, terracotta and copper allow sculptures. There was a time when former premier of northern nigeria sir ahmadu bello sardauna of sokoto visited british government in 1962, an official visit that took him to bbc hausa service in bush house london, where former transport minister in the second republic alhaji ummaru dikko granted interview with the premier, in the interview he asked him. Nigeria contains more historic cultures and empires than any other other nation in africa. History of jukun people of northern nigeria a must read. The history of northern nigeria covers the history of the region form prehistoric times to the.
In their place we now have to contend with modern architecture of many styles and descriptions. Journal of nigeria studies volume 1, number 2, fall 2012 political leadership and corruption in nigeria since 1960. This division is contingent on the need for a better. Before the establishment of nnn, the northern nigeria government had established a hausanewspaper in zaria called gaskiya ta fi kwabo in 1965. Zaria historical kingdom and province, nigeria britannica. The history and analysis of the colonial era in northern nigeria will be approached in two sections. The british monarch the queen of england, was still the head of state of nigeria. Part one presents an overview of the running theme, in which naallah explores the theoretical relationship between literature, history and identity in northern nigeria, using the proverbial story of the blind man who holds a lamp while walking alone in the night. This unique collection of articles on literature in northern nigeria is in three parts. The first copy of thepaper was issued on 1st january 1966.
Department of history, ahmadu bello university, zaria. All evidence suggests the early settlement of nigeria millennia before the spread of agriculture 3,000 years ago. Numerous ancient african civilizations settled in the region that is today nigeria, such as the kingdom of nri, the benin empire, and the oyo empire. The emirs and the spread of western education in northern nigeria, 19101946. The protectorate of southern nigeria was proclaimed in 1900.
The colony of lagos merges with the protectorate of southern nigeria. In this paper i shall discuss the politics of history in northern nigeria. Its initial name was northern nigerian newspapers limited, butwhen states were created it was changed to new nigeria newspaper limited up till today. Pdf the politics of history in northern nigeria semantic scholar. Dr nnamdi azikiwe became the first indigenous governor general. Literature, history and identity in northern nigeria. A savanna climate, with marked wet and dry seasons, prevails in the north and west, while a steppe climate with little precipitation is found in the far north. The state of insecurity engendered by boko haram insurgency in nigeria.